Fossil+Fuel+Power

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 Fossil Fuel Power The Power that Reinforces the World Cameron Fitzgerald Nikoletta Toffoloni

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 * VOCABULARY TERMS:

**Fossil Fuels - a hydrocarbon deposit such as coal, natural gas or oil that comes from remains of ancient plants and animals.

Electrical Energy - **  Fossil fuels are used to power plants that produce electrical energy. **Gravitational Potential Energy - **  Fossil fuels take millions of years to accumulate in their material form. Gravity keeps them from moving. They evolved underground because of gravitational potential energy. **Heat Energy - **  They need heat to accumulate, and then to be transfered into their liquid form. They are also used to produce heat. **Kinetic Energy - **  Fossil fuels grow with kinetic energy, and kinetic energy is also used to transfer the fossil fuels into their liquid forms. **Work Energy - **  They are used for work energy. **Biomass Power - **  Fossil fuels are created by layers of plants which take in carbon dioxide. **Chemical Reaction - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> When they are made into their liquid form, they have a chemical reaction. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Efficiency - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Fossil fuels are very efficient so they have a high ratios. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Emission - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Emission occurs when the fossil fuels become liquid or are burned. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Law of Conservation of Energy - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Fossil fuels are transformed from solids or liquids and go through chemical reactions. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Organic Matter - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> They are made from layers of plants which are organic. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Photosynthesis- ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Fossil fuels are made from layers of accumulated plants and animals which have gone through photosynthesis. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Distillation - ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> The process used to transform the solid form of the fossil fuels into liquid form.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: normal;"> **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Carboniferous Period ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: normal;"> - <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;">Occurred 354 to 290 million years ago during the Paleozoic Era. This was the period of time when coal, natural gas and oil started to form under the layers of the earth.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Hydrocarbons ** - Simple carbon containing compounds in the different forms of fossil fuels. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: center;">**Crude oil is very plentiful as this lake is full of it. (528,000 gallons of crude oil)**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> **STEPS INVOLVED IN PRODUCING FOSSIL FUEL POWER:** [5]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 1. Fossil fuels start as algae, plants, and microscopic animals from millions of years ago in the Carboniferous Period. 2. Instead of decaying, the immersion in water or mud protected this organic matter from the oxygen's deteriorating effects. 3. While the earth evolved and they stayed protected. The sunlight they absorbed was stored and was "fossilized", also. 4. Molecules in the fossils reacted to the heat and pressure and broke down when the layers of the earth began to settle and heap up and the oceans formed and disappeared. 5. After they broke down, they became hydrocarbons which makes fossil fuels a valuable energy source. 6. To transfer coal into electricity, the second youtube video (This is how coal is turned into electricity using fossil fuel generating stations) will show the steps. To transfer natural gas or oil into electricity, the same general steps will occur but slightly altered as it is a difference in substance.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> **CONSERVATION OF ENERGY THROUGHOUT STEPS OF FOSSIL FUEL PRODUCTION** 1. The makings of fossil fuel began with photosynthesis. Plants took the sun’s energy to fuel a chemical reaction in plants between water and carbon dioxide. 2. The encapsulation of the plants in water or mud preserved the chemical energy referred in #1. 3. The chemical energy remained stored in the bonds of the molecules in # 3, 4 4. The chemical energy stored in them is transformed into kinetic energy when they are heated and burned.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: center;">**These are fossil fuel power stations. They burn coal, petroleum and natural gas to make electricity.**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Fossil fuels are very important natural resources that our world relies on function everyday. They are one of the biggest natural resources used for energy, and about 90% of the energy the U.S. uses comes from fossil fuels. People do not realize how many things require fossil fuels and how important they are in their lives. We use fossil fuels every day of the year, and interestingly enough, the U.S. uses about 17 million barrels of oil per day. Also, about 60% of our nations electrical power comes from coal. Fossil fuels basically run America's industry.[1] They are extremely convenient, effective, plentiful, and inexpensive.[6] Last year, the U.S. produced a total of about 1 billion tons of coal. From those 1 billion tons, about half of the electricity generated in our nation was generated by coal. [2] Also transporting fossil fuels to their end use is easy. [3]
 * ADVANTAGES:**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**DISADVANTAGES:** Although fossil fuels are very efficient and provide a useful source of energy, there are some disadvantages. For example, one disadvantage is that some scientists believe that fossil fuels contribute to global warming.[1] Fossil fuels, however, are not the only source that contributes to global warming. Experts say that cow gases are responsible for the largest portion of global warming. They also say that cow burps and farts do twenty-three times more destruction to our earth than pollution from our cars.[4] Furthermore, termites, despite there size, also contribute a lot to global warming. Even though fossil fuels provide lots of energy, they do release carbon dioxide when burning. Another disadvantage is that because of the significance they have, countries fight over them, maybe since they are such a useful source of energy. Some people may say that we should not use fossil fuels because they can be responsible for wars, but if we did not have then, then people would simply fight over the next most useful, efficient, plentiful and inexpensive energy source. Overall, many scientists would agree that the advantages of the use of fossil fuel power outweigh the disadvantages by a good amount. Even though livestock contribute to global warming and the greenhouse effect, nobody questions their being on this planet. People would not survive without livestock, neither would they without fossil fuel power. The main disadvantage of fossil fuel power is that it is not renewable. Once coal, natural gas and oil are removed from the ground and utilized, there is no way to renew them.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> media type="youtube" key="26AN1LfbUPc" height="383" width="480" align="center" <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: center;">**This is how distillation works and is used in the production of fossil fuel power.**

media type="youtube" key="SeXG8K5_UvU" height="385" width="480" align="center"
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: center;">This is how coal is turned into electricity using fossil fuel generating stations. **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> This news article stresses the reason why people still use fossil fuel power and its importance. It states that fossil fuel power provides the most sufficient amount of energy sources. Despite the contribution to global warming, there are far more uses of fossil fuels than expected. **<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"> Click the HERE to go to the web page. **

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: left;"> **FOOTNOTES:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">[1] __Facts About Fossil Fuels__. 1995. Environmental Studies 302. 10 Apr. 2010. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"><[|http://www.umich.edu/~envst320/fossil.html]>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">[2] Tedford, Deborah. __Why We Still Mine Coal__. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> 8 Apr. 2010. Wbur.org. 10 Apr. 2010. <[]>.

[3] Darvill, Andy. __Energy Resources: Fossil Fuels__. 11 Jan. 2010. School Zone Five Star Site. 11 Apr. 2010. <span style="color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> JFJFJFJFJ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"><[]>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">[4] McFarlane, Darlene. __Cow Farts and Global Warming__. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> 5 Jul. 2007. Purple Slinky. 11 Apr. 2010. <span style="color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> JFJ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"> JKJKJKJK <[]>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">[5] __How does Fossil Fuel Work?__ 2010. eHow. 10 Apr. 2010. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; letter-spacing: 0px;"><[]>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; line-height: normal;">[6] Schlager, Neil and Weisblatt, Jayne. __Alternative Energy__, Volume1. Farmington Hills, MI: UXL/Thomson/Gale, 2006.